Google created a centralized guide page to help it’s creators understand how Google rank pages and what are the new and retired systems/updates.
Google’s Ranking System
You can find out which algorithms Google employs to rank search results and which ones are no longer in use with the help of a new guide to Google Search ranking systems. Additionally, Google distinguishes between ranking “systems” and ranking “updates” in its most recent guide, using new terminology.
There is a ranking system running continuously in the background. On the other hand, an update describes a one-time adjustment to that ranking system.
For instance, when Google returns search results, the ranking content system is always active in the background, while it is subject to modifications to enhance its performance.
Other illustrations of one-time adjustments to ranking algorithms include spam updates and modifications to the core algorithm.